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. 2016 Nov;186(11):2957–2969. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.07.020

Figure 4.

Figure 4

mRNA levels of chemokines and cell adhesion molecules in the brain at 7 days postinfection. A: PbN infection did not alter the transcription of CXCL-8 when compared to uninfected mice. However, when treated with exogenous ET-1, PbN-infected mice expressed significantly higher message levels of CXCL-8 in the brain than PbN-infected mice treated with saline or uninfected mice; the levels did not reach those observed during PbA infection. B: Both PbA and PbN infection resulted in higher mRNA levels of chemokine ligand (CCL) 2 than uninfected controls; however, PbA-infected mice had significantly higher levels of the gene in the brain than PbN-infected mice. ET-1 treatment did not affect the transcription of CCL2 in PbN-infected mice. C: Similarly, both PbA and PbN infection resulted in higher levels of the cell adhesion molecule P-selectin, with PbA-infected mice expressing significantly higher P-selectin levels than PbN-infected mice. ET-1 treatment did not alter the transcription of P-selectin in PbN-infected mice. D and E: Mice infected with PbA displayed significantly higher levels of E-selectin (D) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 (E) than uninfected or PbN-infected mice. Neither PbN infection nor the treatment of PbN-infected mice with ET-1 had any effect on the expression of E-selectin or of VCAM-1 when compared to uninfected mice. For these analyses, ET-1 treatment of uninfected mice did not alter the mean expression of the genes analyzed; thus, uninfected mice treated with saline and uninfected mice treated with ET-1 were grouped. N = 10 uninfected; N = 4-5 PbN and PbN + ET-1; N = 4 PbA. ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗P < 0.0001. AU, arbitrary unit.