Antioxidants and JNK inhibitor do not protect against TNF-α/ActD+ZVAD-induced necrosis in hepatocytes. Primary mouse hepatocytes were either untreated (control) or treated with 10 ng/mL TNF-α + 0.1 μg/mL ActD + 50 μmol/L ZVAD for 48 hours in the presence or absence of 1000 U/mL Cat, 1 mmol/L MnTBAP, 5 mmol/L DFO, and 25 μmol/L SP6000125. A: Representative phase-contrast and PI staining overlaid images of hepatocytes. B: Quantification of the PI-positive necrotic cells. Data are expressed as means ± SEM. n = 3 independent experiments, and more than 100 cells counted in each experiment. ∗∗∗P < 0.001 versus control. One-way analysis of variance analysis with Scheffé's post hoc test. Scale bar = 20 μm. ActD, actinomycin D; Cat, catalase; DFO, deferoxamine; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; PI, propidium iodide; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α.