Table 1.
The classification of lectins based on structure of carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD)
| Lectin | Expressed cell types | Ligands | Location | Role | Example | Species |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human | Mouse | Plant | ||||||
| C-type lectin | DCa, Møb, LCc, Mod, Te | Various (mannose, fucose, β-glucan, glucosamine) | Extracellular, transmembrane | Recognition of pathogens, clearance, endocytosis, adhesion, immune-modulation | MR, DC-SIGN, SIGN-Rs, Dectin, Selectin | Ο | Ο | Ο |
| P-type lectin | Eukaryotic cells | Man-6-phosphate | Secretory pathway, endosome | Endocytosis, intracellular targeting of lysosomal enzymes (lysosome biogenesis) | CD-MPR, IGF-II/CI-MPR | Ο | Ο | Χ |
| S-type lectin | β-galactoside | Secrete (cytoplasm), extracellular | Cell adhesion, growth regulation, cell migration, immune responses | Galectin (1-14) | Ο | Ο | Χ | |
| I-type lectin | Mast, Bf, Mø, Mo | Sialic acid | Membrane | Regulation of myeloid cell inter-action, differentiation of myeloid cells, adhesion, signaling | Siglecs (CD33-related subgroup, sialoadhesin, CD22 and MAG) | Ο | Ο | Χ |
| M-type lectin | Mannose glycan | Endoplasmic reticulum | α-Mannosidase, handling of N-linked glycoproteins | EDEM1, EDEM2 and EDEM3 | Ο | Ο | Ο | |
| L-type lectin | High-mannose Glycan | Intracellular, Golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, ERGICg | Protein sorting, assisting secretion of specific glycoproteins | ERGIC-53, ERGL, VIP36, and VIPL | Ο | Ο | Ο | |
| Chitinase-like lectin | Neutrophil, Mø, epithelial cell | Chito-oligosaccharide | Extracellular | Collagen metabolism | YKL-40, Ym1, Oviduction | Ο | Ο | Ο |
| F-type lectin | Fucose-terminating oligosaccharide | Extracellular | Innate immunity | Fucolectins | Χ | Χ | Χ | |
B, B cell; DCs, dendritic cells; dMø, decidual macrophage; ERGIC, ER-Golgi intermediate compartment; LC, Langerhans cell; Mø, macrophage; Mo, monocyte; T, T cell