Table 1. Characteristics of non-diabetic participants in 14 trials that reported incident diabetesa.
| Population | Intervention | Follow-up year | Mean Age (yr)b | Mean BMI (kg/m2) | Method of DM diagnosis | Jadad score | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HPS | History of CVD | 40 mg simvastatin or placebo | 5.0 | 65.0 | 27.2 | Physician reported; Medication | 5 | |||
| ASCOT-LLA | Hypertension CVD risk factors | 10 mg atorvastatin or placebo | 3.3b,d | 63.0b | 28.6b | WHO 1999 criteria | 4 | |||
| CORONA | Systolic heart failure | 10 mg rosuvastatin or placebo | 2.7d | 73.0b | 27.0b | Physician reported | 5 | |||
| JUPITER | No CVD | 20 mg rosuvastatin or placebo | 1.9d | 66.0b | 28.4d | Physician reported (medication, positive OGTT, raised random glucose with symptoms, two fasting glucose values ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) | 5 | |||
| 4 S | Previous MI or angina | 20–40 mg simvastatin or placebo | 5.4d | 58.6 | 25.9 | Physician reported;medication; one fasting glucose value ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) | 5 | |||
| PROSPER | With CVD or at high risk | 40 mg pravastatin or placebo | 3.2 | 76.0 | 26.5 | One fasting glucose value >126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L); medication | 5 | |||
| GISSI-HF | Chronic heart failure | 10 mg rosuvastatin or placebo | 3.9d | 67.0 | 26.7 | Two fasting glucose values ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) | 5 | |||
| SPARCL | With a stroke or TIA | 80 mg atorvastatin or placebo | 4.9 | 62.7b | 27.4b | two fasting glucose measurements ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/l) and at least post-baseline glucose≥36 mg/dL (2.0 mmol/l) above baseline | 4 | |||
| WOSCOPS | No MI, raised cholesterol | 40 mg pravastatin or placebo | 4.8 | 55.2 | 26.0 | Two fasting glucose values ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L); medication | 4 | |||
| LIPID | MI or unstable angina in previous 3 years | 40 mg pravastatin or placebo | 6.0 | 62.0d | NA | One fasting glucose value ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L); medication | 5 | |||
| AFCAPS TexCAPS | No CVD | 20–40 mg lovastatin or placebo | 5.2b | 58.0b | 27.0b | Physician reported; medication; one fasting glucose value ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) | 4 | |||
| ALLHAT-LLT | CHD or CHD risk factors | 40 mg pravastatin or no treatment | 4.8b | 66.3 | 29.9 | One fasting glucose value ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) | 3 | |||
| MEGA | No CVD, raised cholesterol | 10–20 mg pravastatin or no treatment | 5.3 | 58.3 | 23.8 | Physician reported; medication; two fasting glucose values ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) | 3 | |||
| GISSI PREVENZIONE | MI within past 6 months | 20 mg pravastatin or no treatment | 2.0d | 59.3 | 26.5 | One fasting glucose value ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) | 3 | |||
| Sex (men%)b | Systolic BP/Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | Smoking (current%)b | Relative LDL-C Reductionc | Endpoint LDL-C [mg/dL(mmol/L)] | New DM case | Number assigned statin | Number In control Group | New DM assigned statin | New DM in control group | |
| HPS | 78.0 | 143.0/81.0 | 15.0 | 29.4% | 73 (1.9) | 628 | 7291 | 7282 | 335 (4.6%) | 293 (4.0%) |
| ASCOT-LLA | 81.2 | 164.2/95.0b | 32.7 | 34.8%b | 89 (2.3) | 288 | 3910 | 3863 | 154 (3.9%) | 134 (3.5%) |
| CORONA | 76.5 | 129.0/76.0b | 8.6 | 45.1%b | 77 (2.0) | 188 | 1771 | 1763 | 100 (5.6%) | 88 (5.0%) |
| JUPITER | 61.8 | 134.0/80.0b | 15.8 | 50.0% | 54 (1.4) | 486 | 8901 | 8901 | 270 (3.0%) | 216(2.4%) |
| 4 S | 81.4 | 138.8/83.5b | 25.6 | 36.7% | 116 (3.0) | 391 | 2116 | 2127 | 198 (9.4%) | 193 (9.1%) |
| PROSPER | 48.3 | 154.6/83.8b | 26.8 | 30.7% | 97 (2.5) | 292 | 2588 | 2593 | 165 (6.4%) | 127 (4.9%) |
| GISSI-HF | 77.4 | 127.0/77.0b | 14.1 | 34.9% | 85 (2.2) | 440 | 1660 | 1718 | 225 (13.6%) | 215 (12.5%) |
| SPARCL | 59.7 | 138.7/81.7b | 19.2 | 63.0% | 62 (1.6) | 281 | 1905 | 1898 | 166 (8.7%) | 115 (6.1%) |
| WOSCOPS | 100.0 | 135.5/84.0b | 44.0 | 23.7% | 139 (3.6) | 168 | 2999 | 2975 | 75 (2.5%) | 93 (3.1%) |
| LIPID | 83.2 | NA | 96.0 | 25.0% | 112 (2.9) | 264 | 3496 | 3501 | 126 (3.6%) | 138 (3.9%) |
| AFCAPS TexCAPS | 85.0 | 138.0/78.0b | 12.4 | 26.7% | 112 (2.9) | 146 | 3094 | 3117 | 72 (2.3%) | 74 (2.4%) |
| ALLHAT-LLT | 51.2 | 145.0/84.0b | 23.2 | 18.1% | 104 (2.7) | 450 | 3017 | 3070 | 238 (7.9%) | 212 (6.9%) |
| MEGA | 31.6 | 132.2/78.6b | 20.6 | 17.1% | 124 (3.2) | 336 | 3013 | 3073 | 172 (5.7%) | 164 (5.3%) |
| GISSI PREVENZIONE | 86.3 | NA | 11.8 | 11.5% | 124 (3.2) | 201 | 1743 | 1717 | 96 (5.5%) | 105 (6.1%) |
| TOTAL | 4278 | 45521 | 45619 | 2226 (4.9%) | 2052 (4.5%) | |||||
aBMI = body-mass index; BP = blood pressure; CVD = cardiovascular disease; CHD = coronary artery heart disease; DM = diabetes mellitus; LDL-c = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MI = myocardial infarction; OGTT = oral glucose tolerance test; TIA = transient ischemic attack; WHO = World Health Organization.
bData from total cohort (including diabetes at baseline).
cDifferences between the groups in the change from baseline to time point in LDL-C.
dMedian.