Table 2.
Primary Molecular Cytogenetic Classification of Multiple Myeloma
| Subtype | Gene(s)/chromosomes affected* | Percentage of myeloma patients |
|---|---|---|
| Trisomic MM | Trisomies of one or more odd-numbered chromosomes | 42 |
| IgH translocated MM | 30 | |
| t(11;14) (q13;q32) | CCND1 (cyclin D1) | 15 |
| t(4;14) (p16;q32) | FGFR-3 and MMSET | 6 |
| t(14;16) (q32;q23) | C-MAF | 4 |
| t(14;20) (q32;q11) | MAFB | <1 |
| Other IgH translocations* | CCND3 (cyclin D3) in t(6;14) MM | 5 |
| Combined IgH translocated/trisomic MM | Trisomies plus any one IgH translocation | 15 |
| Isolated Monosomy 14 | 4.5 | |
| Other cytogenetic abnormalities in absence of IgH translocations or trisomy or monosomy 14 | 5.5 | |
| Normal | 3 |
Adapted from Blood.26
*
Includes the t(6;14)(p21;q32) translocation, and rarely, other IgH translocations involving uncommon partner chromosomes