Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of the participants in the real-world intensive lifestyle intervention

	All participants	Group A	Group B	p Value
Age (years)	53.7±10.1	53.3±9.3	54.1±10.9	NS
Duration of diabetes (years)	9.6±9.4	9.1±9.1	10.0±9.6	NS
Weight (lbs)	238.6±40.8	228.0±36.6	249±43.0	<0.01
Body mass index (kg/m2)	38.3±5.3	37.3±5.2	39.3±5.1	<0.05
Basal metabolic rate (kilocalorie)	1866.6±336.0	1777.5±275.8	1951.5±361.2	NS
Body fat mass (lbs)	104.6±27.5	99.6±25.6	111.2±29.0	NS
Percentage body fat (%)	44.0±7.1	43.9±6.3	44.4±7.6	<0.05
Fat free mass (lbs)	133.1±26.8	125.7±21.5	138.5±29.2	<0.01
Waist (inches)	47.0±5.4	45.3±5.1	48.3±5.0	<0.05
Waist/hip ratio	0.93±0.09	0.92±0.1	0.94±0.09	NS
A1C (%)	7.5±1.2	7.5±1.3	7.4±1.2	NS
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	128.1±14.7	126.3±14.1	129.8±15.2	NS
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	75.6±8.2	75.6±8.7	75.7±7.8	NS
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	166.7±32.4	165.2±31.3	168.0±33.6	NS
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)	99.1±29.8	97.1±28.1	100.9±31.3	NS
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)	43.3±10.0	44.6±10.2	42.2±9.9	NS
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	137.9±73.2	128.2±60.3	146.5±82.4	NS
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)	0.92±0.19	0.91±0.20	0.92±0.18	NS
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL)	17.4±5.5	16.9±4.8	17.9±6.1	NS
Urinary microlalbumin/creatinine ratio (μg/mg)	30.0±56.7	22.5±26.4	36.4±73.2	NS
Medications for CVD risk factors (n)	4.5±1.9	4.3±2.0	4.6±1.9	NS
Diabetes medications (n)	2.2±1.1	2.0±1.1	2.3±1.1	NS
Patients on insulin (%)	42.5	37.7	47.1	NS

Total group N=129. Group A n=61 (participants maintained <7% weight loss at 1 year). Group B n=68 (participants maintained ≥7% weight loss at 1 year). p=Group A versus Group B. Medications for CVD risk factors=diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia.

CVD, cardiovascular disease, HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NS, non-significant.