Fig. S1.

Pancreatic ductal cells and cancer cells express CXCL12. (A) Human PDAC tissues were immunostained against CXCL12, which was detected primarily in ductal cells. The black arrows point to CXCL12-immunoreactive intrapancreatic ducts. (B) In double immunolabeling with the ductal marker CK19, CXCL12 was detected in normal human pancreatic ductal cells. The white arrows point to double-labeled (yellow) intrapancreatic ducts. (C) Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was performed with human PDAC cell lines (Capan1, Su86.86, and T3M4), in human pancreatic stellate cells (hPSC), and in human Jurkat T cells to compare CXCL12 expression levels. (D) The CXCL12 mRNA levels of cancer cells isolated from murine PDAC models (i.e., KC and KPC mice) were compared. The p53-deficient KPC cancer cells tended to have higher CXCL12 expression. (E) At the tissue level, the expression of CXCL12 tended to be higher in 12- to 20-wk-old KC mice that have not yet progressed to overt invasive cancer than in KPC mice with overt cancer. (Scale bars: 100 μm.)