| AgNPs | Silver nanoparticles |
| CS | Chondroitin sulphate |
| TEM | Transmission electron microscopy |
| MWCNTs | Multi-walled carbon nanotubes |
| XPS | X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
| SAED | selected-area electron diffraction |
| ISISA | ice-segregation-induced self-assembly |
| SEMPBS | Scanning electron microscopyPhosphate saline buffer |
| MIC | Minimum inhibitory concentration |
| LB | Lysogeny broth medium |
| HDI | Hexamethylenediisocyanate |