AFM	Atomic force microscope
AZO	Aluminum-doped zinc oxide
CDs	Carbon quantum dots
DSSC	Dye-sensitised solar cells
DR3TBDT	3-ethyl rhodanine benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene
ETL	Electron transport layer
GDs	Graphene dots
HTL	Hole transport layer
HRTEM	High resolution transmission electron microscopy
KH791	(N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl)tris-(2-ethoxy) silane
N719	Di-tetrabutylammonium cis-bis(isothiocyanato) bis (2,2′-bipyridyl -4,4′- dicarboxylato) ruthenium(II)
N3	Cis-Bis(isothiocyanato) bis(2,2′-bipyridyl-4,4′-dicarboxylato ruthenium(II)
MWCNT	Multiwall carbon nanotubes
NCDs	Nitrogen-doped carbon dots
OSC	Organic solar cells
P3HT	Poly(3-hexyl thiophene)
PEDOT:PSS	Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate
PCBM	[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester
PffBT4T-2OD	Poly [(5,6-difluoro-2,1,3-benzothiadiazol-4,7-diyl)-alt-(3,3‴–di (2-octyldodecyl)-2, 2′; 5′, 2″; 5″, 2‴-quaterthiophen-5,5‴-diyl)
Ppy	Polypyrrol
PSC	Polymer solar cell
SMOPV	Small molecule organic photovoltaics
TC71BM	[6,6]-2-Thienyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester
TPD	NN′-diphenyl-N-N′-bis(3-methylphenyl)-1,1′-biphenyl)-4,4′-diamine
Spiro-OMeTAD	N2,N2,N2′,N2′,N7,N7,N7′,N7′-octakis(4-methoxyphenyl)-9,9′-spiro bi[9H-fluorene]-2,2′,7,7′-tetramine