Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Neuropsychol. 2016 Nov 18;31(1):85–98. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2016.1257069

Table 1.

Demographics and Age of Alzheimer Disease Onset in Participants With and Without a History of Traumatic Brain Injury

TBI+ (n=571) TBI– (n=7054)


M SD Range M SD Range p


Age of Onset 68.3 10.3 41–102 70.9 9.5 37–103 < .001*
Age of Diagnosis 73.9 10.2 50–102 76.2 9.4 50–104 < .001*
Education 14.5 3.6 0–20 13.8 3.9 0–20 < .001*

Female, n (%) 216 (38) 4136 (59) < .001*
Caucasian, n (%) 508 (89) 5634 (80) < .001*
Family History of Dementia, n (%) 309 (54) 3770 (53) 0.76
Heart Attack, n (%) 570 (7) 7029 (6) 0.16
Atrial Fibrillation, n (%) 570 (8) 7022 (7) 0.36
Angioplasty, n (%) 571 (8) 7049 (7) 0.13
Cardiac Bypass, n (%) 571 (5) 7049 (5) 0.17
Pacemaker, n (%) 571 (5) 7053 (4) 0.50
Congestive Heart Failure, n (%) 571 (3) 7040 (3) 0.68
Stroke, n (%) 563 (6) 7026 (6) 0.64
Transient Ischemic Attack, n (%) 566 (7) 7001 (6) 0.52
Hypertension, n (%) 568 (50) 7036 (54) 0.22
Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) 566 (51) 6976 (51) 0.66
Diabetes, n (%) 571 (12) 7038 (13) 0.70
Remote History of Depression, n (%) 565 (21) 6917 (18) 0.07
Recent History of Depression, n (%) 567 (41) 6981 (41) 0.77

APOE ε4 alleles, n (%) 0.43
  0 ε4 alleles 158 (41) 1788 (41)
  1 ε4 allele 172 (45) 2033 (47)
  2 ε4 alleles 56 (14) 537 (12)

Note. * p < .05. n = 7,625. TBI+ = presence of a history of traumatic brain injury with any loss of consciousness and no chronic deficits occurring more than one year prior to the initial visit. TBI– = absence of a history of traumatic brain injury with loss of consciousness. APOE ε4+ = presence of at least one apolipoprotein E-e4 allele. APOE ε4– = absence of an apolipoprotein E-e4 allele.