Fig. 5.

Immunofluorescence localization of Nrf2 and Keap1 after 3 h of incubation with ATX I and ATX II in HT29 cells. Quantification of Nrf2 (patterned bars) and Keap1 signals (black bars) in cells incubated with ATX I, ATX II and CDDO-Im (a). Representative images of immunolocalization of Nrf2 (red), Keap1 (green) and lamin B (gray) after incubation with 0.1 % EtOH (solvent control, b), 0.5 µM CDDO-Im (c) 5 µM ATX I (d), 5 µM ATX II (e). Axes x 0–90 µm, y 0–90 µm, z 0–14 µm. Mean values of fluorescence in the optical fields are expressed as percentage of solvent controls ±SEM (n = 3 independent experiments). Significance levels are calculated comparing signal intensity values normalized to solvent control (0.1 % EtOH) and asterisk refers to the comparison with 0.1 µM ATX II (**p < 0.01) (color figure online)