Fig. 4.

Toxicity in neurons of the central nervous system. a Mature human dopaminergic neurons (LUHMES) were treated with the flame retardants for 48 h from day 6 to day 8 of LUHMES differentiation as indicated in scheme (b). Cell morphology was visualized by fixation and staining of the cells with an anti-β-III-tubulin antibody (yellow), whereas nuclear DNA was stained with Hoechst dye H-33342 (blue). c For quantitative assessment of total neurite mass, cells were analyzed using an automated microscope system with an imaging algorithm that allowed cell bodies and cell extensions to be distinguished. The graph shows the total neurite mass detected following the respective treatments. All data are mean ± SD (n = 3); *p < 0.05