Fig. 2.

Illustration of surgical procedures: a Mark the planned resection line on the mammary gland by gel containing blue dye. b Hydrodissection of the subcutaneous layer with tumescent solution. c Tunneling method. d Subcutaneous flap creation (under endoscopic guidance). e Posterior wall fascia dissection (with handle light retractor). f Removal of the specimen. g Marking the planned resection by gel containing blue dye. h Tumescent solution injection. i Tunnel creation. j Hand-made wound edge protector (waterproof sticker fixed by running suture with 4–0 nylon). k Flap creation (under endoscopic guidance). l Posterior wall fascia dissection (with handle light retractor). m Removal of the specimen. n Postoperative gross picture