Table 4.
Unadjusted proportions of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) by relevant patient characteristics (left columns) and the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of AML and MDS as a combined endpoint (right column)
| Characteristic | Unadjusted incidence of AML (n, %) |
p valuea | Unadjusted incidence of MDS (n, %) |
p- valuea |
Adjusted HR for AML/ MDS (95% CI)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 0.435 | 0.018 | |||
| ≥65 | 6 (0.4) | 6 (0.4) | Reference | ||
| <65 | 24 (0.3) | 11 (0.1) | 3.13 (1.18–8.33) | ||
| Anthracycline received | 0.025 | 0.464 | |||
| No | 1 (0.0) | 2 (0.1) | Reference | ||
| Yes | 29 (0.4) | 15 (0.2) | 5.16 (1.47–18.19) | ||
| Type of chemotherapy received | 0.078 | 0.233 | – | ||
| AC | 16 (0.4) | 7 (0.2) | |||
| ACT | 13 (0.4) | 8 (0.2) | |||
| Capecitabine | 0 (0) | 1 (0.3) | |||
| CMFc | 1 (0.7) | 1 (0.7) | |||
| Paclitaxel | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |||
| CALGB protocol | 0.506 | 0.215 | – | ||
| 40101 | 8 (0.2) | 4 (0.1) | |||
| 49907 | 2 (0.3) | 3 (0.5) | |||
| 9344 | 12 (0.4) | 6 (0.2) | |||
| 9741 | 8 (0.4) | 4 (0.2) | |||
| Baseline ECOG PS | <0.0001 | 0.974 | |||
| 0 | 9 (0.2) | 6 (0.2) | Reference | ||
| 1 | 0 (0) | 1 (0.2) | 0.73 (0.16–3.28)d | ||
| 2 | 1 (6.7) | 0 (0) | – | ||
| Missing | 20 (0.4) | 10 (0.2) | 1.23 (0.60–2.53) | ||
| Race | 0.475 | 0.400 | |||
| White | 28 (0.3) | 15 (0.2) | Reference | ||
| Other/missing/unknown/Hispanic | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | 0.34 (0.05–2.24) | ||
| American | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.4) | 0.84 (0.11–6.18) | ||
| Asian/Hawaiian/American Indian/ Indian subcontinent |
1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0.20 (0.03–1.44) | ||
| Black | |||||
| Ethnicity | 0.162 | 0.807 | |||
| Non-Hispanic | 27 (0.3) | 16 (0.2) | Reference | ||
| Hispanic | 3 (0.7) | 1 (0.2) | 2.92 (0.68–12.56) | ||
| Insurance | 0.889 | 0.263 | |||
| Private | 20 (0.3) | 9 (0.1) | Reference | ||
| Medicaid | 3 (0.4) | 2 (0.3) | 2.08 (0.74–5.90) | ||
| Medicare/military/vet sponsor | 4 (0.3) | 5 (0.4) | 1.00 (0.34–2.98) | ||
| Other/missing | 3 (0.4) | 1 (0.1) | 1.47 (0.49–4.42) |
CALGB Cancer and Leukemia Group B, ECOG PS Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status, AC doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, CMF cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, T paclitaxel
Unadjusted comparisons using Chi square testing; bolded results have p < 0.05
Adjusted Cox proportional hazards model results, adjusting for age <65 versus ≥65, anthracycline received (yes/no), ECOG PS, race, ethnicity, and insurance. Bolded results are significant
One patient received CM only and was categorized as CMF
ECOG PS 1 and 2 were combined into one category for the model due to low numbers of patients with ECOG PS = 2