Table 2.

Rate of hemorrhagic stroke (HS) among women and men with atrial fibrillation

	Events at risk (n)	Incidence rate (95 % CI)	Warfarin			ASA			All antithrombotic drugs
			Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
HS
Women	67/5615	0.210 (0.165–0.266)	0.65 (0.37–1.14)	0.51 (0.22–1.21)	0.53 (0.23–1.27)	0.57 (0.30–1.07)	0.44 (0.14–1.35)	0.45 (0.14–1.44)	0.60 (0.37–0.97)	0.47 (0.22–1.00)	0.48 (0.22–1.04)
Men	95/6600	0.247 (0.202–0.302)	0.81 (0.50–1.31)	0.58 (0.31–1.09)	0.55 (0.29–1.04)	0.60 (0.33–1.08)	0.54 (0.24–1.22)	0.56 (0.24–1.29)	0.76 (0.50–1.16)	0.61 (0.36–1.06)	0.59 (0.34–1.02)

Incidence rate per 100 person-years at risk. Cox regression models for risk of HS in models by “per protocol” analysis (PP) for warfarin and ASA, in comparison with no antitrombotic treatment. Prescription of warfarin (only), ASA (only), or all antithrombotic (AT) drugs was classified as PP if present in the year of first hemorrhagic stroke or present among subjects not experiencing a stroke if present at least during 3 years, of at least 50 % of actual years after first recorded year of AF or during both 2006 and 2007. Model 1 age adjusted, model 2 as model 1 but also adjusted for socioeconomic factors (neighborhood socioeconomic status, educational level, and marital status; for women, also interaction term between neighborhood SES and educational level for warfarin and all AT-drugs, and age and marital status for ASA; for men, also interaction term between age and educational status), and model 3 as model 2 but also adjusted for cardiovascular co-morbidity (hypertension, CHD, CHF, and diabetes; for women, also including interaction terms between age and CHF for warfarin; for men, interaction term between age and educational status)