Table 1.

Frequency of positive cultures and percentages of uropathogens in 176 children with spina bifida on clean intermittent catheterization on and off antibiotic prophylaxis

	Total		Stop group		Continuing group
	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	p-value for stop versus continue
Patients with only negative urine tests	23	13.1	11	12.5	12	13.6
Patients with one or more positive cultures	153	86.9	77	87.5	76	86.4	Pearson chi-square 0.635
SBU	137	77.8	70	79.5	67	76.1	1,000
UTI	107	60.8	55	62.5	52	59.1	0.643
Number of positive cultures	713	14.5	370		343
SBU	398	55.8	199	53.8	199	58.0
UTI	315	44.2	171	46.2	144	42.0
		CI		CI		CI
Mean number of positive cultures per patient (95% CI)	4.66	(4.1-5.2)	4.81	(4.1-5.5)	4.51	(3.8-5.2)	negative binominal analysis 0.573
SBU	2.60	(2.3-2.9)	2.58	(2.2-3.0)	2.62	(2.1-3.1)	0.915
UTI	2.06	(1.7-2.4)	2.22	(1.7-2.7)	1.89	(1.4-2.4)	0.364
Uropathogens in positive cultures (% of positive cultures)		%		%		%
E.coli	387	54.3	200	54.1	187	54.5	Pearson chi-square 0.429
Non E.coli	326	45.7	170	45.9	156	45.5
Gram negative	631	88.5	326	88.1	305	88.9	0.901
Enterobacteriaceae
AmpC negative
E.coli	387	54.3	200	54.1	187	54.5
Klebsiella pneumoniae	42	5.9	21	5.7	21	6.1
Proteus mirabilis	34	4.8	15	4.1	19	5.5
Klebsiella oxytoca	21	2.9	16	4.3	5	1.5
AmpC positive
Enterobacter cloacae	18	2.5	10	2.7	8	2.3
Citrobacter freundii	17	2.4	11	3.0	6	1.7
Non fermenting bacilli
Pseudomonas auroginosa	47	6.6	29	7.8	18	5.2
Other	65	9.1	24	6.5	41	12.0
Gram positive	82	11.5	44	11.9	38	11.1	0.762
Enterococcal species	56	7.9	30	8.1	26	7.6
Staphylococcus aureus	18	2.5	10	2.7	8	2.3
Other gram positive	8	1.1	4	1.1	4	1.2
CI = 95% confidence interval
SBU = significant bacteriuria
UTI = urinary tract infection