Table 2.
Percentages of resistance of gram-negative uropathogens against commonly used antibiotics per administered antibiotic prophylaxis
| No prophylaxis | Nitrofurantoin prophylaxis | Trimetoprim prophylaxis | Nitrofurantoin and trimetoprim prophylaxis | Ciprofloxacin prophylaxis | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of gram-negative cultures | 228 | 166 | 131 | 84 | 15 |
| Antibiotic tested | % resistant | ||||
| Amoxicillin | 57.0 | 57.3 | 71.3* | 79.0** | 55.6 |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid | 23.2 | 21.5 | 26.7 | 40.9** | 46.2 |
| Piperacillin | 56.6 | 38.6* | 62.5 | 70.4 | 41.7 |
| Piperacillin/tazobactam | 5.6 | 4.9 | 3.4 | 23.3*** | 8.3 |
| Cefazolin | 17.3 | 14.0 | 14.9 | 29.0 | 66.7** |
| Cefuroxim | 9.0 | 21.5** | 5.2 | 14.3 | 70.0*** |
| Ceftazidim | 3.4 | 12.9* | 1.7 | 5.5 | 9.1 |
| Ceftriaxon | 1.4 | 7.9* | 0.0 | 3.1 | 10.0 |
| Meropenem | 0.0 | 2.4 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 8.3 |
| Amikacin | 0.6 | 9.5** | 0.8 | 2.5 | 0.0 |
| Gentamicin | 3.2 | 4.4 | 2.6 | 6.3 | 0.0 |
| Tobramycin | 3.1 | 6.0 | 1.6 | 8.6* | 0.0 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 3.8 | 7.2 | 12.0 | 2.5 | 58.3*** |
| Norfloxacin | 5.1 | 8.9 | 11.6 | 3.8 | 63.6*** |
| Levofloxacin | 5.9 | 10.2 | 11.8 | 2.5 | 53.8*** |
| Trimetoprim | 38.5 | 38.7 | 90.5*** | 83.3*** | 55.6 |
| Co-trimoxazol | 32.1 | 30.9 | 79.1*** | 71.8*** | 38.5 |
| Nitrofurantoin | 13.2 | 56.1*** | 11.6 | 14.3 | 77.8*** |
Legend: GLMM used to compare risk of resistance relative to no prophylaxis used, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001