Table 2.

Procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and lactate plasma levels at various severities of organ dysfunction, categorised according to four groups of the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, comparing patients with and without infection and trauma

Category of SOFA score (number of observations, noninfected/infected)	Noninfected	Infected	P, noninfected /infected	Trauma (number of trauma observations)
PCT (ng/ml)
1–6 (n = 180/377)	0.14 (0.08/0.33)	0.62 (0.24/2.12)	< 0.001	0.25 (0.08–0.9) (n = 368)
7–12 (n = 24/132)	0.25 (0.2/0.3)	2.43 (1.2/8.68)	< 0.001	5.54 (0.86–12.87) (n = 88)
13–18 (n = 1/30)	0.41	8.5 (3.39/29.59)	n.s.	54 (15.58–122.4) (n = 9)
19–24 (n = 0/13)	-	23.24 (2.28/50.9)	-	-
Pearson's correlation	0.108 (P = n.s.)	0.247 (P < 0.001)		0.465 (P <0.001)
Regression, y = a + bx	0.27 + 0.02 × SOFA score	-0.84 + 1.526 × SOFA score	< 0.02	-5 + 2.16 × SOFA score
CRP (mg/l)
1–6 (n = 180/377)	68 (28/121)	121 (68/176)	< 0.001	91 (49.8–148) (n = 368)
7–12 (n = 24/132)	47(15/81)	181 (78/271)	< 0.001	110 (64–151) (n = 88)
13–18 (n = 1/30)	12.3	183 (128/219)	n.s.	94 (n = 9)
19–24 (n = 0/13)	-	154 (9.6/308)	-	-
Pearson's correlation	0.069 (P = n.s.)	0.286 (P < 0.001)		0.095 (P = n.s.)
Regression, y = a + bx	84.53 - 0.19 × SOFA score	105.58 + 0.72 × SOFA score	< 0.001	95 + 0.24 × SOFA score
Lactate (mmol/l)
1–6 (n = 180/377)	1.21 (0.96/1.44)	1.3 (1.04/1.69)	n.s.	1.1 (0.86–1.51) (n = 368)
7–12 (n = 24/132)	1.55 (1.22/3.54)	1.69 (1.2/2.2)	n.s.	2.09(1.19–2.61) (n = 88)
13–18 (n = 1/30)	2.8	3.07 (2.25/3.59)	n.s.	5.58 (n = 9)
19–24 (n = 0/13)	-	3.69 (3.52/5)	-	-
Pearson's correlation	0.350 (P < 0.002)	0.382 (P < 0.001)		0.431 (P <0.001)
Regression, y = a + bx	0.918 + 0.14 × SOFA score	0.968 + 0.12 × SOFA score	n.s.	0.516 + 0.235 × SOFA score

Data presented as median values (lower and upper quartiles). P value from Mann–Whitney U-test.