Mapping the ATF2 internal ribosome entry segment. (A) Schematic representation of bicistronic pRF constructs containing a series of 5′-3′- or 3′-5′-deleted ATF2 5′-untranslated region fragments. (B) HEK293 and Bel7402 cells were transfected with each indicated plasmid. After 24 h, the luciferase activities were tested. Data represent the mean ± standard deviation of FL vs. RL activity in ≥3 independent experiments. RL, Renilla luciferase; FL, firefly luciferase; SV, simian virus; ATF2, activating transcription factor 2.