Table 1.
Baseline characteristics for 400 participants with disorders in the schizophrenia spectrum, included in the Danish OPUS II trial. Data are number (%) of participants unless stated otherwise
| Characteristics | OPUS treatment (n=197) | Treatment as usual (n=203) |
|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||
| Female | 89 (46.2) | 115 (56.7) |
| Age (mean (SD)) | 25.6 (4.3) | 25.5 (4.2) |
| Being a parent | 12 (6.1) | 18 (8.9) |
| Completed high school | 81 (41.1) | 78 (38.4) |
| Employed or enrolled as a student | 33 (16.8) | 44 (21.7) |
| Disability pension | 17 (8.6) | 19 (9.4) |
| Education | ||
| None | 85 (43.1) | 86 (42.6) |
| Under education | 28 (14.2) | 20 (9.9) |
| Short education, skilled | 51 (25.9) | 57 (28.2) |
| Long education | 33 (16.8) | 39 (19.3) |
| Living conditions | ||
| Living alone | 110 (55.8) | 122 (60.1) |
| Living with partner, children, or both | 42 (21.3) | 38 (18.7) |
| Living with parents | 31 (15.7) | 23 (11.3) |
| Living in supervised setting | 11 (5.6) | 15 (7.4) |
| Homeless | 2 (1) | 5 (2.5) |
| Clinical | ||
| Diagnosis | ||
| Schizophrenia | 147 (74.6) | 152 (74.9) |
| Schizotypal disorder | 39 (19.8) | 44 (21.7) |
| Delusional disorder | 5 (2.5) | 5 (2.5) |
| Brief and transient psychotic disorder | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.5) |
| Schizoaffective disorder | 4 (2) | 0 (0) |
| Unspecified non-organic psychosis | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.5) |
| Non-psychotic psychiatric illness before psychosis and OPUS | 180 (91.4) | 188 (92.6) |
| Duration of untreated psychosis (weeks, mean (SD)) | 121 (173) | 164 ( 196) |
| Duration of untreated psychosis (weeks, median (range)) | 52 (0-962) | 69 (0-879) |
| Negative dimension (mean (SD)) | 1.89 ( 0.93) | 1.86 (0.97) |
| Psychotic dimension (mean (SD)) | 1.92 (1.19) | 1.82 (1.26) |
| Psychotic dimension, excluding F21 (mean (SD)) | 2.15 (1.17) | 2.04 (1.28) |
| Disorganised dimension (mean (SD)) | 0.52 (0.60) | 0.44 (0.58) |
| Total z scores in brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia (mean (SD)) | −2.47 (1.66) | −2.32 (1.92) |
| Substance abuse* | 48 (24.4) | 45 (22.2) |
| Chlorpromazine equivalents (mg, mean (SD)) | 463 (332) | 420 (293) |
| Suicide ideation and behaviour | ||
| Suicide attempt ever | 71 (36) | 89 (43.8) |
| Suicide attempt in last year of study | 17 (8.6) | 16 (7.9) |
| Suicidal ideations in last year of study | 94 (47.7) | 105 (52) |
| Social functioning | ||
| Personal and social performance scale (score, mean (SD)) | 48.4 (11.7) | 48.8 (13.5) |
| Treatment | ||
| Client satisfaction at baseline (mean (SD)), CSQ | 27.3 (3.9) | 26.3 (4.4) |
| Duration from start of OPUS treatment to inclusion interview (weeks, mean (SD)) | 85.6 (11.1) | 84.7 (10.5) |
F21=schizotypal disorder; OPUS treatment=psychosocial treatment programme (specialised early intervention) provided to all patients diagnosed with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder in Denmark, column named OPUS show participants randomised to five years of OPUS treatment; SD=standard deviation, CSQ=client satisfaction questionnaire.
*Fulfilling criteria for harmful use or dependency syndrome diagnosed, ICD-10 (international classification of diseases, 10th revision, F1x.1 and F1x.2).