Table 3.
Exploratory outcomes (post hoc analyses), assessed 3.5 years after inclusion in the OPUS II trial and five years after initiation of SEI treatment
| Imputed data and register data | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No of participants | OPUS treatment | Treatment as usual | Estimated mean difference (95% CI) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | Pdifference | |
| Disorganised dimension (mean (SD)) | 400 | 0.69 | 0.79 | −0.11 (−0.29 to 0.084) | — | 0.28 |
| Psychotic dimension, excluding schizotypal disorders (mean (SD)) | 345 | 1.80 | 2.05 | −0.26 (−0.56 to 0.05) | — | 0.10 |
| Remission of psychotic symptoms in last two years | 400 | 87 (44.4) | 84 (41.4) | — | 1.19 (0.75 to 1.87) | 0.46 |
| Total z scores in brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia (mean (SD)) | 400 | −1.88 | −1.89 | 0.03 (−0.33 to 0.39) | — | 0.88 |
| Personal and social performance scale (score, mean (SD)) | 400 | 54.2 | 54.5 | −0.06 (−2.89 to 2.77) | — | 0.97 |
| Receiving antipsychotic treatment in last month | 400 | 108 (54.9) | 122 (59.9) | — | 0.78 (0.49 to 1.25) | 0.30 |
| Receiving any antipsychotic treatment in last 2 years | 400 | 140 (71.0) | 148 (73.0) | — | 0.88 (0.53 to 1.46) | 0.63 |
| Doses of antipsychotic drugs (mean (SD))* | 229 | 423 | 398 | — | 21.8 (−68.3 to 112) | 0.64 |
| Working alliance (mean (SD)) | 400 | 65.6 | 60.1 | 5.56 (2.30 to 8.82) | — | 0.001 |
| General self-efficacy (mean (SD)) | 400 | 27.3 | 26.6 | 0.79 (−0.68 to 2.26) | — | 0.29 |
| Quality of life (four domains) | ||||||
| Physical health | 400 | 67.3 | 65.1 | 2.2 (−1.5 to 6.0) | — | 0.25 |
| Psychological | 400 | 56.2 | 53.8 | 2.6 (−2.2 to 7.4) | — | 0.29 |
| Social relationship | 400 | 62.2 | 61.3 | 0.99 (−3.3 to 5.3) | — | 0.66 |
| Environment | 400 | 68.4 | 66.4 | 2.2 (−1.4 to 5.8) | — | 0.23 |
| No of months in some sort of employment (mean (SD))† | 400 | 12.1 (15.2) | 12.4 (14.8) | −0.16 (−2.78 to 2.45) | — | 0.90 |
| Patients in competitive employment or studying at follow-up (%)† | 400 | 46 (23.4) | 51 (25.1) | — | 0.92 (0.56 to 1.50) | 0.73 |
| In study, competitive or non-competitive employment at follow-up (%)† | 400 | 59 (29.9) | 64 (31.5) | — | 0.94 (0.59 to 1.48) | 0.79 |
| Patients on disability pension at follow-up (%)† | 400 | 56 (28.4) | 52 (25.6) | — | 1.18 (0.72 to 1.92) | 0.52 |
| No of outpatient contacts (mean per year (SD))† | 400 | 18.4 (12.0) | 14.6 (11.0) | 3.78 (1.56 to 6.01) | — | 0.001 |
| No of psychiatric emergency hospital contacts (mean per year (SD))† | 400 | 0.48 (1.11) | 0.40 (0.84) | 0.08 (−0.11 to 0.27) | — | 0.43 |
Data are number (%) of participants unless stated otherwise. OPUS treatment=psychosocial treatment programme (specialised early intervention) provided to all patients diagnosed with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder in Denmark, column named OPUS show participants randomised to five years of OPUS treatment; SD=standard deviation.
*Only analysed for participants receiving antipsychotic medical treatment at five year follow-up.
†Numbers were based on registers and therefore not imputed.