The phenotype of alveolar macrophages was not changed in pups born to immune dams versus naïve dams over time. Dams were given i.t. inoculations of Pneumocystis on the day of breeding and boosted with i.n. inoculums on day 16 of gestation. Control dams received inoculations of PBS. Pups in both groups were then given i.n. inoculations of Pneumocystis within 72 h of birth. BALF was collected at the indicated time points postinfection, and cells were stained for macrophage and activation markers including F4/80, CD11b, CD11c, and MHC class II and analyzed by flow cytometry. (A) BALF flow cytometry data from an individual Pneumocystis-infected naïve adult and a pup from a naïve dam at day 12 postinfection. Forward and side scatters are shown in the left panels. The center panels show CD11c histograms of cells in the large cell region of the scatter profiles. The dot plots on the right side are F4/80 and CD11b staining of the CD11c-positive cells. Proportions of F4/80+ CD11b− CD11c+ (B) and F4/80+ CD11b+ CD11c+ (C) alveolar macrophages present in the BALF of Pneumocystis-infected adult mice compared to neonates are shown. Data represent the means ± SD for four to five mice per group. *, P < 0.05 compared to all other groups at the same time point; **, P < 0.05 compared to adult groups at the same time point; #, P < 0.05 compared to pup groups at the same time point; ##, P < 0.05 compared to immunized adults at the same time point.