Table 1. Compositions of reference and the 3 refeeding diets1.
| REF | CSB+ | CSB+/wp | CSB++ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ingredients (g/kg (as fed)) | ||||
| Maize | 1000 | 790 | 730 | 590 |
| Whole soybeans | - | 180 | 160 | - |
| De-hulled soybeans | - | - | - | 180 |
| Skimmed milk powder | - | - | - | 81 |
| Sugar | - | - | - | 91 |
| Refined soybean oil | - | - | - | 30 |
| Mineral and vitamin mix2 | - | 2.0 | 1.8 | 2.0 |
| Monocalcium phosphate3 | - | 7.9 | 7.2 | 8.1 |
| Potassium chloride3 | - | 7.5 | 6.9 | 7.7 |
| Calcium carbonate3 | 12 | 11 | 12 | |
| Sodium chloride | 3.0 | 2.7 | 3.0 | |
| Whey permeate4 | 81 | |||
| Composition5 | ||||
| Energy (MJ/kg) | 9.4 | 16 | 16 | 17 |
| Crude protein (Nx6.25) (g/kg) | 90 | 150 | 130 | 170 |
| Crude Fat (g/kg) | 43 | 62 | 57 | 91 |
| Fiber (g/kg) | NA | 25 | 23 | 20 |
| Macrominerals (g/kg): | ||||
| Calcium | 0.08 | 5.6 | 4.8 | 6.3 |
| Phosphorus | ||||
| Total | 4.5 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 5.2 |
| Phytic acid | 4.5 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 2.5 |
| Non-phytic acid (% of total) | 0(0) | 1.7(36) | 1.9 (39) | 2.7 (51) |
| Mineral ratios | ||||
| Ca:P | 0.02 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.2 |
| Nutrient density (mg/1000 kcal) | ||||
| Phosphorus6 | - | 450 | 500 | 670 |
1CSB+ and CSB++ were produced by Michiels Fabrieken NV, (Michiels Fabrieken NV, Zulte, Belgium) according to World Food Programme (WFP) guidelines. CSB+/wp consisted of CSB + added whey permeate powder (8% (w/w)). The REF diet was produced by Tjørnehøj Mølle A/S (Tjørnehøj Mølle A/S, Hedehusene, Denmark).
2Vitamin/Mineral FBF-V-10 provided the following (units/kg diet when added 2 g/kg): vitamin A, 16,640 IU; thiamine, 1.28 mg; riboflavin, 4.48 mg; niacin, 48 mg; pantothenic acid, 67 mg; vitamin B6, 17 mg; folate, 600 μg, vitamin B12, 20 μg; vitamin C, 1 g; vitamin D, 40 μg; vitamin E, 83 μg; vitamin K, 1 mg; iron, 65 mg; zinc, 50 mg; and iodine, 400 μg.
3Monocalcium phosphate (monohydrate), potassium chloride and calcium carbonate provided nutrients (units/kg diet) when added as specified, as follows: potassium, 4 g; calcium, 5 g; and phosphorus, 2 g.
4Variolac®850 (Arla Foods Ingredients, Viby, Denmark) (composition: 85% lactose, 3% protein, 0.6% Na, 0.1% Mg, 0.6% P, 1.0% Cl, 1.6% K, 0.6% Ca).
5Energy, protein, fat and fiber analyzed by SGS (SGS, Antwerp, Belgium). Phosphorus, calcium and phytic acid contents were analyzed at the University of Copenhagen.
6Nutrient density for phosphorus excludes phosphorus bound in phytic acid.