Table 2.
Hypothesis generating or confirmatory single site studies
| Author | N | Population | Findings |
|---|---|---|---|
| Predicting ACS in AF patients | |||
| Potpara et al, 2011 [85] | 1,056 | Nonvalvular AF pts | No difference in risk of MI in those with mitral annular calcification |
| Qayyum et al, 2012 [86] | 258 | In- and outpatients with AF | No association with vitamin D and type of AF, nor IHD, MI, or CVA in AF pts. |
| van den Bos et al. 2011[34] | 407 | Consecutive pts admitted with AF | Minor troponin elevation had increased risk of MI and higher adjusted risk of death |
| Krishnamoorthy, 2013[87] | 423 | Consecutive pts admitted with AF | Compared with controls, pts who developed MI had a higher median vWF value and sE-sel value |
| Predicting new-onset AF in ACS patients | |||
| Nunez-Gil, 2013 [88] | 237 | Consecutive pts admitted with first NSTE-ACS | AF was more common in MR group. A higher proportion of pts developed AF at higher MR degrees. |
| Raposeiras, 2015[89] | 1,520 | Consecutive pts with ACS who underwent coronary angiography | CIN increased risk of NAF after adjustment for clinical factors; development of CIN is an independent predictor of new-onset AF in the context of acute coronary syndromes. |
| Athar, 2011 [90] | 166 | Consecutive pts admitted to CCU with MI receiving PRBC transfusion | 7 of 148 transfusion pts and 18 of 1348 non-transfused developed AF |
| Huang, 2013 [53] | 724 | Consecutive MI pts admitted to CCU (582 men) | Statin use was associated with reduction in NAF incidence |
| Dorje, 2013 [59] | 268 | Consecutive MI pts with BNP measured within 24 hrs of admission | Median BNP levels were 2166 in NAF pts vs 707pg/mL in no AF group. All AF pts had BNP≥796pg/mL |
| Guenancia, 2014 [56] | 1,123 | Consecutive CCU pts with MI | Obesity increased risk of NAF in men (OR 2.51 [95% CI 1.26–4.99]) |
| Aronson, 2011[52] | 1,169 | Pts admitted to CCU with MI | Restrictive filling pattern on echo had increased risk of NAF after 6mos (adjusted HR 2.17 [95% CI 1.42–3.32]). |
| Hwang, 2011 [91] | 401 | Pts with MI | LAVI≥32ml/m2 was associated with increased NAF development (HR 2.47 [95% CI 1.08–5.65]) |
| Alasady, 2011[21] | 2,460 | Consecutive pts with MI at CCU and documented AF within 7 days of MI | Right coronary atrial branch and left circumflex atrial branch were independent predictors of NAF (P = 0.02) |
| Asanin, 2012 [60] | 180 | Consecutive pts with STEMI treated by PCI <12hrs after onset of chest pain | BNP≥720pg/mL was predictive of NAF (OR 3.70 [95% CI 1.40–9.77]). |
| Distelmaier, 2014 [92] | 66 | Consecutive pts admitted with MI | Those who developed AF had higher median levels of Hgb (14.2 vs 12.9mg/dL), Hct (41.7 vs 38.7%), and erythrocyte count (4.6 vs 4.2) |
| Yoshizaki, 2012 [93] | 176 | Consecutive pts admitted with MI | AF pts had higher mean WBC on days 2–4 (12.0 vs 10.6*103/μL) and 5–7 (9.3 vs 7.5*103/μL), and had higher CRP on days 2–4 (12.6 vs 4.7mg/dL), 5–7 (12.3 vs 5.2mg/dL) and 8–14 (8.5 vs 2.7mg/dL). |
| AF as a prognostic factor in ACS | |||
| Author | N | Patients | Findings |
| Podolecki, 2012 [50] | 2,980 | Consecutive admitted MI pts | Pre-existing paroxysmal AF had similar rates of death as SR. Those with permanent AF had highest risk of death after 1-yr (45.7% vs 9.4% no AF). |
| Viliani 2012 [43] | 913 | Consecutive MI pts treated with primary PCI | AF pts had higher risk of death than those in sinus rhythm (17 vs 5%, p <0.001) |
| Poci, 2012 [25] | 2,335 | Consecutive ACS pts | Across all CHADS2 scores, AF pts had higher mortality rates. AF almost doubled long-term mortality. |
| Maagh, 2011[26] | 375 | Consecutive MI pts | Cardiovascular death in 9 of 22 chronic AF (40.9%) pts, 2 of 16 (12.5%) pts with NAF, and 41 of 337 (12.2%) of those without AF |
| Lin, 2011[94] | 783 | Consecutive STEMI pts undergoing primary PCI | No increased risk of death in those that developed AF compared with SR. |
| Stamboul, 2015 [95] | 736 | Consecutive MI pts admitted to CCU | After 1 yr, CV death was elevated in those with silent AF (5.7%) and symptomatic AF (18.8%) compared to no AF (2.0%) |
AF atrial fibrillation, NAF new onset AF, ACS Acute Coronary Syndrome, Pts patients, MI myocardial infarction, IHD ischemic heart disease, CVA cerebrovascular accident, vWF Von Willebrand factor, sE-sel soluble E-selectin, NSTE-ACS non-ST segment elevation ACS, MR mitral regurgitation, CIN contrast-induced nephropathy, CCU critical care unit, PRBC packed red blood cells, hrs hours, LAVI Left Atrial Volume Index, BNP B-type natriuretic peptide, SR sinus rhythm, STEMI ST segment elevation MI, Hgb hemoglobin, Hct hematocrit, WBC white blood cell count, CRP C-reactive protein, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention