FIG. 7.

Cystine deprivation accelerates C1 astrocyte cell death after WT or ts1 infection. C1 cells (4 × 10⁵ cells per 60-mm plate) were synchronized for 16 h in DMEM containing 1% FBS and 3 μg of polybrene/ml, then mock, WT, or ts1 infected the next day, and incubated for (from top to bottom) (A) 24, (B) 48, (C) 72, or (D) 96 hpi in medium containing the indicated concentrations of cystine. At the end of the culturing period, the numbers of viable cells were counted by trypan blue exclusion. All cultures contained (40 ± 5) × 10⁴ cells at 0 hpi (i.e., at the time of infection). All graphs shown are representative of three independent experiments.