Table 1.
Antiretroviral drugs detected in study samples*.
| Zimbabwe N=1,529 |
Tanzania N=531 |
KwaZulu-Natal N=3,640 |
Soweto N=1,647 |
All sites N=7,347 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Samples with ≥1 ARV drug detected, N (%) | 326 (21.3) | 114 (21.5) | 1,154 (31.7) | 417 (25.3) | 2,011 (27.4)a |
|
| |||||
| NNRTI, N (%) | 305 (19.9) | 85 (16.0) | 1,064 (29.2) | 371 (22.5) | 1,825 (24.8)b |
| NRTI, N (%) | 203 (13.3) | 85 (16.0) | 788 (21.6) | 246 (14.9) | 1,322 (18.0)c |
| PI, N (%) | 7 (0.5) | 1 (0.2) | 29 (0.8) | 20 (1.2) | 57 (0.8)d |
| Raltegravir, N (%) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (0.1) |
| Maraviroc, N (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Stored plasma samples collected from HIV-infected participants during the post-intervention survey in HPTN 043 were tested for the presence of 20 antiretroviral (ARV) drugs. ARV drug use was defined as detection of at least one ARV drug. The table shows the number and percentage of HIV-infected study participants at each site who had at least one ARV drug detected in a given drug class.
Abbreviations: N: number; NNRTI: non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI: nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors; PI: protease inhibitor.
Among the samples with one or more ARV drug detected, 40.3% had only one ARV drug detected; 81.7% had a NNRTI alone (91.7% had efavirenz, 8.3% had nevirapine), 16.7% had a NRTI alone (56.3% had zidovudine, 22.2% had tenofovir, 10.4% had lamivudine, 8.9% had stavudine, 1.5% had emtricitabine, 0.7% had abacavir), 1.4% had a PI (100% had lopinavir), and 0.2% had raltegravir.
NNRTIs were detected in 90.8% of the samples that had at least one ARV drug detected; 62.3% had efavirenz and 29.9% had nevirapine (1% of samples had both drugs detected).
NRTIs were detected in 65.7% of samples that had at least one ARV drug detected; 57.3% had lamivudine, 16.5% had stavudine, 10.7% had zidovudine, 8.3% had tenofovir, 1.0% had emtricitabine, and 0.2% had abacavir.
PIs were detected in 2.8% of samples with at least one ARV drug detected; 2.3% had lopinavir, 1.5% had ritonavir, 0.3% had darunavir, 0.1% had atazanavir, 0.1% had amprenavir, and 0.05% had saquinavir.