Table 3.

Factors Associated with MRS-measured liver fat fraction in HIV-infected and uninfected men and women

	HIV-infected				HIV-uninfected
	Unadjusted		Adjusted		Unadjusted		Adjusted
	% estimate (95% CI)	p-value	% estimate (95% CI)	p-value	% estimate (95% CI)	p-value	% estimate (95% CI)	p-value
Demographics
Age (per decade)	17% (−2.8%, 40%)	0.098	−10% (−22%, 4.4%)	0.165	3.6% (−16%, 28%)	0.744	−13% (−29%, 6.9%)	0.185
Male	81% (32%, 148%)	<.001	25% (−9.1%, 73%)	0.168	11% (−27%, 68%)	0.633	−8.0% (−46%, 58%)	0.761
Ethnicity (vs. White)
Black	−47% (−62%,−26%)	<.001	−21% (−42%, 8.4%)	0.146	−5.7% (−37%, 41%)	0.775	13% (−21%, 61%)	0.495
Other	−6.0% (−43%, 54%)	0.807	8.6% (−29%, 65%)	0.701	32% (−43%, 208%)	0.517	−12% (−59%, 90%)	0.753
Hispanic (vs. non-Hispanic)	−20% (−44%, 13%)	0.205	22% (−9.3%, 63%)	0.191	27% (−16%, 91%)	0.252	35% (−12%, 107%)	0.166
Metabolic factors
VAT (per doubling)	96% (69%, 128%)	<.001	58% (29%, 93%)	<.001	74% (48%, 104%)	<.001	60% (33%, 92%)	<.001
HOMA-IR (per doubling)	50% (35%, 67%)	<.001	18% (3.6%, 33%)	0.012	43% (24%, 66%)	<.001	22% (6.8%, 40%)	0.004
Liver-related factors
ALT (per doubling)	46% (21%, 75%)	<.001	11% (−7.5%, 32%)	0.27	56% (20%, 101%)	0.001	31% (2.6%, 68%)	0.030
Albumin (per 0.1 g/dL increase)	11% (5.5%, 16%)	<.001	6.4% (2.3%, 11%)	0.002	3.0% (−3.3%, 9.6%)	0.359	5.3% (−0.1%, 11%)	0.056

VAT=Visceral adipose tissue; HOMA-IR=homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; ALT=alanine aminotransferase; Multiple imputations were done on models with VAT and HOMA-IR