X1, amount of metformin in the central compartment; D, dose; F, drug bioavailability; f, fraction of metformin absorbed at the first absorption site; ka1, absorption rate constant at the first absorption site; ka2, absorption rate constant at the second absorption site; tx, time for the second fraction of the drug to begin to be absorbed; V, volume of distribution of the central compartment; CL, clearance of metformin from the central compartment