Fig. 4.

a Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in brain and blood: Mean ± SE for LDH levels in brain (UI/L) and blood (UI/L). b Caspase-3 in brain and in blood: mean ± SE for Caspase-3 in brain [optical density (OD)/mg protein] and in blood [OD/g hemoglobin (Hb)]. All this was carried out for the different treatment groups: sham, experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE), EAE + natalizumab (EAE + nata), EAE + dimethyl fumarate (EAE + DMF), and EAE + N-acetylcysteine (EAE + NAC). •••p < 0.001 vs sham; •p < 0.05 vs sham; ^### p < 0.001 vs EAE; ^## p < 0.01 vs EAE; #p < 0.05 vs EAE