Table 2.
DRS-R98 scores for 400 elderly subjects by diagnostic group: delirium, SSD, dementia-only, and NDND
| DRS-R98 | NDND (n = 124) | Dementia (n = 119) | SSD (n = 77) | Delirium (n = 80) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Sleep-wake cycle disturbance∗†‡§‖ | 0.53 ± 0.62 | 0.67 ± 0.75 | 1.17 ± 0.77 | 1.50 ± 0.76 |
| 2. Perceptions and hallucinations∗†§ | 0.07 ± 0.41 | 0.24 ± 0.76 | 0.64 ± 1.11 | 0.41 ± 0.87 |
| 3. Delusions∗† | 0.09 ± 0.44 | 0.24 ± 0.76 | 0.42 ± 0.85 | 0.28 ± 0.71 |
| 4. Lability of affect∗†‡§¶ | 0.04 ± 0.20 | 0.18 ± 0.43 | 0.40 ± 0.61 | 0.53 ± 0.66 |
| 5. Language∗†‡§‖¶ | 0.06 ± 0.33 | 0.18 ± 0.49 | 0.68 ± 0.82 | 1.20 ± 1.07 |
| 6. Thought process abnormalities∗†‡§‖ | 0.10 ± 0.30 | 0.19 ± 0.47 | 0.71 ± 0.76 | 1.28 ± 1.04 |
| 7. Motor agitation∗†‡§ | 0.05 ± 0.22 | 0.11 ± 0.34 | 0.61 ± 0.73 | 0.81 ± 0.90 |
| 8. Motor retardation∗†‡§‖ | 0.12 ± 0.35 | 0.13 ± 0.34 | 0.73 ± 0.81 | 1.16 ± 0.96 |
| 9. Orientation∗†‡§‖¶ | 0.17 ± 0.45 | 0.69 ± 0.84 | 1.27 ± 0.81 | 2.04 ± 0.82 |
| 10. Attention∗†‡§‖ | 0.15 ± 0.38 | 0.26 ± 0.50 | 1.42 ± 0.57 | 1.89 ± 0.78 |
| 11. Short-term memory∗†¶ | 0.43 ± 0.78 | 1.06 ± 1.14 | 1.30 ± 1.19 | 1.50 ± 1.19 |
| 12. Long-term memory∗†‡§¶ | 1.01 ± 1.02 | 1.60 ± 1.09 | 2.21 ± 0.99 | 2.49 ± 0.86 |
| 13. Visuospatial ability∗†‡§‖¶ | 0.31 ± 1.08 | 0.71 ± 0.86 | 1.42 ± 0.85 | 1.96 ± 0.91 |
| 14. Temporal onset of symptoms∗†‡§¶ | 0.06 ± 0.26 | 0.22 ± 0.52 | 1.49 ± 0.66 | 1.65 ± 0.81 |
| 15. Fluctuation of symptom severity∗†‡§‖ | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.03 ± 0.18 | 0.44 ± 0.57 | 0.75 ± 0.63 |
| 16. Physical disorder∗†‡§ | 0.27 ± 0.62 | 0.43 ± 0.78 | 1.14 ± 0.88 | 1.45 ± 0.74 |
| DRS-R98 severity∗†‡§‖¶ | 3.11 ± 2.64 | 6.26 ± 3.68 | 12.96 ± 5.41 | 17.10 ± 6.35 |
| DRS-R98 total∗†‡§‖¶ | 3.44 ± 2.90 | 6.94 ± 4.13 | 16.01 ± 6.18 | 20.89 ± 7.25 |
Abbreviations: DRS-R98, Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98; NDND, no-delirium/no-dementia; SSD, subsyndromal delirium.
NOTE. Scores are expressed as the means ± standard deviation and compared between groups with Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance (post hoc pairwise comparisons with Mann-Whitney U test). Footnotes describe details of score comparisons. All P values for multiple pairwise comparisons were set at <.0083 according to the Bonferroni correction.
∗
NDND < SSD.
†
NDND < delirium.
‡
Dementia < delirium.
§
Dementia < SSD.
‖
SSD < delirium.
¶
NDND < dementia.