Fig. 1.

miR-106b-5p and miR-222-3p in serum exosomes are secreted by BM-cells and mediate β-cell regeneration after BMT.

(a) The expression levels of miR-106b-5p and miR-222-3p in serum exosomes. Mice received i.p. injections of STZ for 5 consecutive days starting on day 1. BMT was performed on day 7. Serum exosomes were isolated on day 13. Control n = 4, STZ n = 4, STZ-BMT n = 5. Data are presented as means ± SEM; and * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

(b) The expression levels of miR-106b-5p and miR-222-3p in serum exosomes. Mice received i.p. injections of STZ for 5 consecutive days starting on day 1. BMT was performed on day 7. Serum exosomes were isolated on days 10, 13 and 17. Results are expressed as a percentage of the control value. Control n = 5 (day 10), n = 4 (day 13), n = 5 (day 17); STZ-BMT n = 6 (day 10), n = 5 (day 13), n = 5 (day 17). Data are presented as means ± SEM; and * p < 0.05 vs. control, ** p < 0.01 vs. control.

(c) Fasting blood glucose on day 15. STZ-BMT-mice were treated with non-targeting control mixed with atelocollagen (NT/atelo) or anti-miR-106b-5p and anti-miR-222-3p mixed with atelocollagen (Anti-miRNAs/atelo) on days 8, 11 and 14. NT/atelo n = 6, Anti-miRNAs/atelo n = 7.

(d) Pancreatic insulin content on day 50. NT/atelo n = 6, Anti-miRNAs/atelo n = 7.

(e) The expression levels of miR-106b-5p and miR-222-3p in total BM cells. BM cells were isolated on day 14. n = 6 per group.

(f) The expression levels of miR-106b-5p and miR-222-3p in exosomes isolated from the culture media of BM cells. n = 8 per group.

(g) The expression levels of miR-106b-5p, miR-222-3p, pri-miR-106b and pri-miR-222 in pancreatic islets. n = 5 per group. Data are presented as means ± SEM; and * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, NS, not significant.