Figure 1.

Sample response profiles of Chl fluorescence and P700 oxidation during a white-light (λ < 695 nm) saturation pulse of about 9,000 μmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹ for 0.5 s. The Chl fluorescence parameters F_m′ (maximum fluorescence), F_s (steady-state fluorescence), and F_o′ (minimum fluorescence) and the P700 oxidation parameters P700_ox (fully oxidized), P700_s (steady-state oxidation), P700_red (fully reduced P700), and t_red (the time for reductant to travel through the intersystem electron transport chain to PSI) are indicated on the respective traces and are described in the text. Note the time axis is logarithmic to better show the details of the rapid induction kinetics in the context of the other fluorescence and oxidation parameters.