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. 2017 Jan 13;7:40908. doi: 10.1038/srep40908

Figure 5. HMF yields from various carbohydrates in optimistic systems.

Figure 5

Reaction conditions: carbohydrate = 0.55 mmol based on monosaccharide units, n (AlCl3) = 0.025 mmol, pH = 2.5, NaCl/aqueous phase mass ratio of 0.4, CPME to water volume ratio of 3, reaction temperature of 175 °C, reaction time of 20 min. aReaction temperature of 190 °C, reaction time of 60 min.