Table 3.
Readiness to Perform Visual Analogue Scale
| Questions | Treatment | Time (h) | p-level | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre | 1 | 2 | |||
| I am looking forward to today’s workout | PLA | 3.67 ± 0.85 | 3.61 ± 1.00 | 3.61 ± 0.87 | 0.21 |
| PWS | 3.71 ± 0.77 | 3.89 ± 0.79 | 3.65 ± 0.65 | ||
| PWS + S | 3.71 ± 0.99 | 3.82 ± 1.17 | 3.51 ± 1.09 | ||
| I am optimistic about my future performance | PLA | 3.74 ± 0.83 | 3.70 ± 0.94 | 3.78 ± 0.88 | 0.02q |
| PWS | 3.88 ± 0.69 | 4.05 ± 0.73 a | 3.83 ± 0.70 | ||
| PWS + S | 4.00 ± 0.69 | 4.21 ± 0.62 a | 4.01 ± 0.71 | ||
| I feel vigorous and energetic | PLA | 3.23 ± 0.95 | 3.35 ± 0.90 | 3.38 ± 1.04 | 0.001 |
| PWS | 3.19 ± 0.89 | 3.77 ± 0.78 *a | 3.33 ± 1.09 | ||
| PWS + S | 3.33 ± 0.77 | 3.89 ± 0.73 *a | 2.96 ± 0.97 a,b | ||
| I have little muscle soreness | PLA | 3.60 ± 0.99 | 3.42 ± 0.99 | 3.29 ± 1.01 | 0.17 |
| PWS | 3.54 ± 1.17 | 3.81 ± 1.35 | 3.25 ± 1.03 | ||
| PWS + S | 3.13 ± 1.31 | 3.27 ± 1.28 | 3.21 ± 1.12 | ||
Values are means ± standard deviations. MANOVA analysis revealed overall Wilks’ Lambda treatment (p = 0.03), time (p = 0.01), and treatment x time (p = 0.004). Greenhouse-Geisser linear or quadratic (q) univariate p-levels of interactions (treatment x time) are reported above * represents p < 0.05 difference from baseline. a denotes a significant difference from PLA. b denotes a significant difference from PWS. c denotes a significant difference from PWS + S