Table 4.
Total recorded offending.
| Pre-opiate use offending rate | Post-opiate use offending rate | Rate ratio | 95% CIa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conviction rates | ||||
| Alexander 1974 (n = 101) | 0.28 | 0.2 | 0.71 | 0.40–1.3 |
| Jarvis (1989) (n = 46) | 1.0 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 1.5–3.1 |
| Mott 1974 (male group: n = 207) | 0.46 | 0.63 | 1.4 | 1.1–1.7 |
| Parker (1987) (n = 91)d | 0.26 | 1.2 | 4.6 | 3.8–5.6 |
| Parker (1987) (n = 91)e | 0.22 | 0.42 | 1.9 | 1.5–2.4 |
| Wiepert (1979)h (all: n = 236)f | 0.08 | 0.50 | 6.2 | 5.3–7.3 |
| Wiepert (1979)h (all: n = 236)g | 0.08 | 0.38 | 4.7 | 4.0–5.6 |
| Wiepert (1979)h (male group: n = 119)f | 0.12 | 0.64 | 5.3 | 4.4–6.5 |
| Wiepert (1979)h (male group: n = 119)g | 0.12 | 0.48 | 4.0 | 3.3–4.9 |
| Wiepert (1979)h (female group: n = 117)f | 0.04 | 0.35 | 8.7 | 6.6–11.7 |
| Wiepert (1979)h (female group: n = 117)g | 0.04 | 0.27 | 6.7 | 5.0–9.1 |
| Arrest rates | ||||
| Alexander 1974 (n = 101) | 0.55 | 0.42 | 0.76 | 0.51–1.1 |
| Anglin 1988 (White group: n = 275) | 0.81 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.3–1.8 |
| Anglin 1988 (Mexican American group: n = 228) | 0.99 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.2–1.7 |
| Cushman, 1974 (n = 210) | 0.03 | 0.35 | 11.3 | 9.0–14.3 |
| McGlothlin (1978) (1962–64 group: n = 277) | 1.4 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1.2–1.6 |
| McGlothlin (1978) (1970 group: n = 175) | 1.7 | 2.7 | 1.6 | 1.4–1.8 |
| Weissman (1974) (Black group: n = 113)c | 1.2 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.0–1.6 |
| Weissman (1974) (Hispanic group: n = 86)c | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 0.79–1.3 |
| Weissman (1974) (White group: n = 77)c | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 0.88–1.5 |
| Weissman (1974) (male group: n = 223)c | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 1.0–1.4 |
| Weissman (1974) (female group: n = 53)c | 1.3 | 2.1 | 1.6 | 1.2–2.1 |
| Weissman (1974) (13–20 onset group: n = 109)c | 1.7 | 1.4 | 0.80 | 0.64–0.99 |
| Weissman (1974) (21–25 onset group: n = 99)c | 1.2 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 1.7–2.7 |
| Weissman (1974) (26+ onset group: n = 68)c | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.82–1.5 |
| Weissman (1976) (Black group: n = 73)b | 0.56 | 2.8 | 4.9 | 3.5–6.9 |
| Weissman (1976) (Black group: n = 73)c | 0.53 | 1.2 | 2.3 | 1.6–3.4 |
| Weissman (1976) (Mexican American group: n = 81)b | 0.46 | 2.3 | 5.0 | 3.5–7.1 |
| Weissman (1976) (Mexican American group: n = 81)c | 0.40 | 0.93 | 2.3 | 1.5–3.5 |
| Weissman (1976) (White group: n = 46)b | 0.23 | 1.7 | 7.6 | 4.0–14.4 |
| Weissman (1976) (White group n = 46)c | 0.22 | 0.91 | 4.1 | 2.1–8.2 |
| Weissman (1976) (male group: n = 167)b | 0.49 | 2.4 | 4.9 | 3.9–6.2 |
| Weissman (1976) (male group: n = 167)c | 0.45 | 1.1 | 2.4 | 1.8–3.1 |
| Weissman (1976) (female group: n = 33)b | 0.18 | 2.1 | 11.4 | 4.9–26.5 |
| Weissman (1976) (female group: n = 33)c | 0.17 | 0.97 | 5.7 | 2.3–14.0 |
| Weissman (1976) (13–17 onset group: n = 51)b | 0.07 | 1.8 | 25.7 | 8.9–74.0 |
| Weissman (1976) (13–17 onset group: n = 51)c | 0.07 | 0.94 | 13.4 | 4.6–39.4 |
| Weissman (1976) (18–21 onset group: n = 83)b | 0.57 | 2.4 | 4.2 | 3.1–5.8 |
| Weissman (1976) (18–21 onset group: n = 83)c | 0.54 | 1.1 | 2.1 | 1.4–2.9 |
| Weissman (1976) (22+ onset group: n = 66)b | 0.54 | 2.7 | 5.0 | 3.5–7.2 |
| Weissman (1976) (22+ onset group: n = 66) c | 0.48 | 1.1 | 2.2 | 1.4–3.4 |
a
Calculated using estimated number of events if not reported, mean SE where missing.
b
Total reported crime.
c
Total non-drug reported crime.
d
Total acquisitive crime (burglary, theft).
e
Total non-acquisitive crime.
f
Total convictions.
g
Total non-drug offence convictions.