Table 1.

Characteristics of Patients and Biopsies. Numbers expressed as mean with standard error of the mean or as number with percentages.

	Treatment Group	Sham Group	ρ value
Total Patient Encounters:	n=33, (47.8%)	n=36, (52.2%)
Patient Characteristics:
Mean age, years	16.1 (0.6)	14.9 (0.8)	0.224
Female	n=17, (47.2%)	n=14, (42.4%)	0.810
Mean Weight, kg	63.5 (4.1)	57.3 (3.4)	0.250
Mean Number of Prior Biopsies	1.67 (0.32)	1.81 (0.34)	0.768
Mean Baseline-Pain Score	0.2 (0.1)	0.9 (0.3)	0.046*
Mean Baseline-Anxiety Score	2.5 (0.5)	2.6 (0.4)	0.846
Biopsy Characteristics:
Transplant Biopsy	n=22, (66.7%	n=26, (72.2%)	0.794
Parent in Room	n=19, (57.6%)	n=21, (58.3%)	1.000
Child Life in Room	n=24, (42.9%)	n=32, (57.1%)	0.203
Mean Number of Biopsy Passes	2.4 (0.1)	2.2 (0.1)	0.285
Mean Fentanyl Given, mg/kg	0.95 (0.1)	0.91 (0.08)	0.788
Mean Midazolam Given, mg/kg	0.03 (0.01)	0.03 (0.01)	0.468
Mean Ketamine Given, mg/kg	1.33 (0.19)	1.34 (0.08)	0.985
Acetaminophen Used Post Biopsy	n=4, (12.1%)	n=4, (11.4%)	1.000

^*Statistical difference between TG and CG.