Fig. 1.

Ox-HDL decreases cell viability and induces apoptosis in RAW264.7 cells. RAW264.7 cells were treated with the indicated concentration of ox-HDL, n-HDL (100 mg/l), or TM (4 mg/l) for 24 h. Cell viability (A) and LDH activity in media (B) were determined by MTT assay and a kit, respectively. C: Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry, and the total apoptotic cells (early- and late-stage apoptosis) were represented by the right side of the panel (annexin V staining alone or together with PI). D: Cell apoptosis was measured by TUNEL assay and expressed as the percentage of the number of TUNEL-positive cells to total cells. Scale bar = 20 µm. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD of at least four independent experiments. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01 versus control group.