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Regioselective hydroxylation of progesterone at C16 and 17 by CYP17A1. In the most productive orientation C17 is directed towards iron for 17α–hydroxylation (grey sticks), while an alternate orientation is possible promoting C16 hydroxylation (salmon sticks). Longer side chain of leucine in the case of A105L mutant will fill some of the void in the active site that will create steric hindrance disfavoring 16α–hydroxylation.
