Table 4.

Univariate analysis of predictors for adverse surgical outcome

Parameter	Number	Adverse surgical outcomea	Pb
Total	335	174 (52%)
Sex (n, %)			0.389
Male	290	152 (53%)
Female	45	22 (49%)
ASA score (n, %)			0.002
1 – 2	193	87 (45%)
3 – 4	142	87 (61%)
BMI			0.252
<25 kg/m2	179	96 (53%)
≥25 kg/m2	154	76 (49%)
Recent Smoking (n, %)			0.036
Yes	170	97 (57%)
None	165	77 (47%)
Multimodal therapy (n, %)			0.081
None	73	43 (59%)
Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy	189	101 (53%)
Perioperative chemotherapy	73	30 (41%)
Surgical approach (n, %)			0.342
Thoracoabdominal	309	159 (52%)
Transhiatal	26	15 (58%)
Reconstruction (n, %)			0.036
Gastric tube	321	163 (51%)
Colon interposition	14	11 (79%)
Anastomosis (n, %)			0.017
Intrathoracic	185	88 (59%)
Cervical	150	86 (47%)
Tumor histological type (n, %)			0.383
Squamous cell carcinoma	137	73 (53%)
Adenocarcinoma	198	101 (51%)
UICC-Stage (n, %)			0.149
1 – 2	251	135 (54%)
3 – 4	84	39 (46%)
Treatment period			0.015
1996 – 2005	159	93 (53%)
2006 – 2014	176	81 (46%)
Perioperative blood transfusion			0.038
Yes	203	112 (55%)
No	126	56 (44%)
Intraoperative fluid rate			0.479
<13 ml/kg/h	166	85 (51%)
≥13 ml/kg/h	167	87 (52%)
Fluid balance POD 0			0.001
<6000 ml	166	71 (43%)
≥6000 ml	166	100 (61%)
Fluid balance POD 4			0.001
<5500 ml	164	69 (42%)
≥5500 ml	165	99 (60%)

^aAt least one Complication grade 3 or higher graded according to Clavien/Dindo, ^bFisher's exact test

We performed a risk factors analysis for the occurrence of adverse surgical outcome (defined as at least one complication graded 3 or higher). Displayed are the analysed risk factors and their impact on the outcome