Table 3.

Standardized mean differences (effect size, ES) according to sociodemographic and clinical variables

	Physical well being	Psychological well-being	Parents/Autonomy	Peers	School	KIDSCREEN-10 index	VAS
Age
8–11ya	0.34	0.39	0.04	0.26	0.58	0.61	0.56
12–19y
Sex
Boys	–0.27	−0.05	0.10	−0.10	0.48	0.005	0.0001
Girlsa
Type of family
Biparentala	0.67	0.21	0.26	0.37	0.24	0.30	0.42
Monoparental
Primary school	0.29	0.13	0.10	0.25	0.03	0.01	0.21
Secondary school	0.16	0.002	0.14	0.20	0.06	0.09	0.21
University degreea
Changes during the last 3 months
No changes on treatmenta
Changes on diet/nutrition	0.54	0.48	0.06	0.24	0.15	0.43	0.70
Bolus calculator	0.54	0.40	0.43	0.18	0.12	0.51	0.32
Hypoglycemia
Yesa	0.37	1.16	−0.16	0.49	1.52	1.28	−0.34
No
Hyperglycemia
Yesa	−0.61	−0.47	−0.03	−0.41	−0.14	−0.31	−1.02
No
HbAc1
> 7.5% (58 mmol/mol)a	−0.5	−0.23	−0.17	−0.33	−0.18	−0.38	−0.40
≤7.5% (58 mmol/mol)
Time w/diagnoses
≤5 yearsa	0.23	0.24	0.14	0.32	0.21	0.32	−0.02
> 5 years
Adherence
Higha	0.53	0.31	0.01	0.10	0.12	0.33	0.30
Low

^aReference category. Statistically significant ES are shown in bold

KIDSCREEN-27, KIDSCREEN-10 Index and Visual analogue scale (VAS)