Table 1.
Plant peroxisomal enzymes involved in ROS and RNS metabolism.
| Pathway/enzyme name | Intraperoxisomal localization | ROS/RNS involved |
|---|---|---|
| RNS-generating enzymes | ||
| L-arginine-dependent nitric oxide synthase (NOS) | Matrix | ·NO |
| S-Nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) | Matrix | GSNO |
| ROS-generating enzymes | ||
| -Fatty acid degradation | ||
| Short chain acyl-CoA oxidase | Matrix | H2O2 |
| Medium chain acyl-CoA oxidase | Matrix | H2O2 |
| Long chain acyl-CoA oxidase | Matrix | H2O2 |
| -Photorespiration | ||
| Glycolate oxidase | Matrix | H2O2 |
| -Purine metabolism | ||
| Urate oxidase (UO) | Matrix | H2O2 |
| Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) | Matrix | O2·− |
| -Superoxide-generating membrane polypeptides (PMPs) | Membrane-bound | H2O2, O2·− |
| Others | ||
| Sarcosine oxidase (SOX) | Matrix | H2O2 |
| Sulphite oxidase (SO) | Matrix | H2O2 |
| Polyamine oxidase (PAO) | Matrix | H2O2 |
| Antioxidant enzymes | ||
| Catalase | Matrix | H2O2 |
| Superoxide dismutase (SOD) | ||
| Mn-SOD | Matrix & Membrane-bound | O2·− |
| CuZn-SOD | Matrix | O2·− |
| Fe-SOD | ? | |
| Ascorbate-glutathione cycle | ||
| Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) | Membrane-bound | H2O2 |
| Glutahtione reductase (GR) | Matrix | |
| Monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDAR) | Matrix & Membrane-bound | |
| Dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) | Matrix | |
| Peroxiredoxin-like protein | Matrix | H2O2, ROOH |
| NADPH-regenerating systems | ||
| Glucosa−6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) | Matrix | |
| 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH) | Matrix | |
| NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP-ICDH) | Matrix | |