Table 1.
Cohort Characteristics
| Variable | HIV-infected (N = 105) | Uninfected (N = 100) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean, SD, IQR) | 49.3 ± 6.2 (45–51) | 51.8 ± 8.9 (46–54) | .02 |
| Female (%) | 51.4 | 50.0 | .84 |
| Smoking status, n (%) | |||
| Current smoker | 4 (3.8) | 18 (18.0) | |
| Prior smoker | 35 (33.3) | 32 (32.0) | |
| Never smoker | 66 (62.9) | 50 (50.0) | |
| Ideal smoking status (never smoker or quit >12 months ago) | 101 (96.2) | 82 (82.0) | .001 |
| BMI | |||
| Mean BMI (kg/m2) (SD) | 22.8 ± 3.8 | 22.9 ± 5.0 | |
| Ideal BMI (<25 kg/m2), n (%) | 71 (67.6) | 64 (64.0) | .59 |
| Physical activity | |||
| Minutes of vigorous activity per week (mean, SD) | 1,591 ± 847 | 1,561 ± 803 | |
| Minutes of moderate activity per week (mean, SD) | 849 ± 986 | 938 ± 977 | |
| Ideal physical activity (≥150 min/week moderate intensity; or ≥75 min/week vigorous intensity), n (%) | 93 (88.6) | 99 (99.0) | .002 |
| Diet | |||
| Servings of vegetables per week (mean, SD) | 7.1 ± 4.9 | 5.1 ± 3.7 | |
| Servings of fruit per week | 8.0 ± 7.2 | 5.0 ± 4.8 | |
| Ideal diet (proxy score based on available data), n (%) | 19 (18.6) | 7 (7.4) | .02 |
| Cholesterol | |||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL; mean, SD, IQR) | 159.0 ± 40.3 | 161.3 ± 34.1 | |
| Ideal cholesterol (total cholesterol <200 mg/dL), n (%) | 84 (80) | 87 (88.8) | .09 |
| Blood pressure | |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg; mean, SD) | 113.4 ± 18.1 | 122.2 ± 17.8 | |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg; mean, SD) | 72.0 ± 11.1 | 78.6 ± 10.5 | |
| Ideal blood pressure (<120/<80 mmHg), n (%) | 70 (66.7) | 36 (36.0) | <.001 |
| Blood glucose/diabetes | |||
| Hemoglobin A1c (%; mean, SD) | 5.6 ± 1.3 | 5.6 ± 0.5 | |
| Ideal glucose status (hemoglobin A1c<5.7%), n (%) | 76 (72.4) | 58 (58.0) | .03 |
| Number of ideal cardiovascular health metrics (N, %) | |||
| 1 | 1 (1.0) | 0 | |
| 2 | 4 (3.8) | 4 (4.0) | |
| 3 | 6 (5.7) | 21 (21.0) | |
| 4 | 21 (20.0) | 29 (29.0) | |
| 5 | 38 (36.2) | 32 (32.0) | |
| 6 | 32 (30.5) | 12 (12.0) | |
| 7 | 3 (2.9) | 2 (2.0) | .002 |
| Prevalent clinical diagnoses (by self-report), n (%) | |||
| Cardiovascular disease | 14 (13.3) | 13 (13.0) | |
| Hypertension | 13 (9.5) | 7 (7.0) | |
| Hyperlipidemia | 2 (1.9) | 1 (1.0) | |
| Heart failure | 0 | 3 (3.0) | |
| Diabetes | 3 (2.9) | 2 (2.0) | |
| Renal failure | 1 (1.0) | 1 (1.0) | |
| Stroke | 1 (1.0) | 1 (1.0) | |
| Cancer | 3 (2.9) | 1 (1.0) | |
| Medication use | |||
| Antihypertensive medication | 7 (6.7%) | 1 (1.0%) | |
| Lipid-lowering medication | 0 | 0 | |
BMI, body mass index; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation.