Table 1. Effective Doses for Morphine by Group.
| Condition | n | ED50 (mg/kg) | 95% Confidence interval |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lenti GFP+Saline | 4 | 2.50 | 1.86–3.06 |
| Lenti GFP+Morphine | 10 | 7.47 | 6.90–8.03 |
| Lenti DN-TNF+Saline | 5 | 3.93 | 2.97–4.88 |
| Lenti DN-TNF+Morphine | 10 | 2.66 | 2.14–3.18 |
| F(3,195)=49.64; p<0.0001 | |||
| Lenti GFP+PAG Saline | 6 | 2.37 | 2.05–2.70 |
| Lenti GFP+PAG LPS | 4 | 6.00 | 5.42–6.58 |
| Lenti DN-TNF+PAG Saline | 6 | 3.00 | 2.61–3.40 |
| Lenti DN-TNF+PAG LPS | 9 | 3.26 | 2.90–3.62 |
| F(3,167)=37.31; p<0.0001 | |||
| Vehicle+Saline | 8 | 2.30 | 1.99–2.60 |
| Vehicle+Morphine | 11 | 7.35 | 6.82–7.88 |
| XPro+Saline | 8 | 3.18 | 2.69–3.67 |
| XPro+Morphine | 11 | 2.25 | 1.86–2.65 |
| F(3,258)=87.31; p<0.0001 | |||
Abbreviations: DN-TNF, dominant-negative TNF; ED50, effective dose 50% GFP, green fluorescent protein; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; PAG, periaqueductal gray; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.