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. 2017 Jan 17;7:40453. doi: 10.1038/srep40453

Figure 1. Biosynthetic pathway of MIAs in C. roseus.

Figure 1

Simplified representation of the MIA biosynthesis in C. roseus leaves highlighting the cellular organization of the pathway in internal phloem associated parenchyma (blue rectangles), epidermis (pink rectangles), laticifers/idioblastes (yellow rectangles). Known single enzymatic steps are indicated by grey/red arrowheads and abbreviation of enzyme names. Broken grey/red arrows indicate unknown enzymatic steps. Conversion of tabersonine may occur in two ways to generate vindorosine (red arrows) or vindoline (grey). MEP, methyl-D-erythritol phosphate; GPPS, geranyl diphosphate synthase; GES, geraniol synthase; G10H, geraniol 10-hydroxylase; 10HGO, 10-hydroxygeraniol oxidoreductase; IO, iridoid oxidase; IS, iridoid synthase; 7DLGT, 7-deoxyloganetic acid glucosyltransferase; 7DLH, 7-deoxyloganic acid 7-hydroxylase; LAMT, loganic acid O-methyltransferase; SLS, secologanin synthase; TDC, tryptophan decarboxylase; STR, strictosidine synthase; SGD, strictosidine β-glucosidase; T16H2, tabersonine 16-hydroxylase 2; 16OMT, 16-hydroxytabersonine O-methyltransferase; T3O, tabersonine 3-oxidase; T3R, tabersonine 3-reductase; NMT, 16-methoxy-2,3-dihydrotabersonine N-methyltransferase; D4H, desacetoxyvindoline 4-hydroxylase; DAT, deacetylvindoline 4-O-acetyltransferase.