Table 3. Correlations (Kendall’s τ) between carbon and tree diversity in South America (n = 158 plots), Africa (n = 162) and Asia (n = 40).

Diversity metric	South America		Africa		Asia
	τ	P-value	τ	P-value	τ	P-value
Fisher’s α	0.083	0.12	0.012	0.821	0.115	0.302
Species richness	0.084 (0.092)	0.12 (0.087)	0.014 (0.031)	0.788 (0.573)	0.132 (0.151)	0.230 (0.174)
Genus richness	0.066 (0.059)	0.223 (0.272)	−0.016 (0.01)	0.765 (0.859)	−0.006 (−0.051)	0.954 (0.652)
Family richness	−0.007 (−0.042)	0.893 (0.43)	−0.051 (−0.036)	0.35 (0.519)	0.087 (0.021)	0.434 (0.862)
Detectable effect size	τ = 0.14 r = 0.22		τ = 0.14 r = 0.22		τ = 0.28 r = 0.43

Power analysis was used to estimate the minimum effect size (presented as both τ and Pearson’s r) detectable with 80% power. Correlations with taxon richness per 300 stems are shown in parentheses. Correlations with other diversity metrics shown in Supplementary Table 4.