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An S-phase checkpoint for appressorium morphogenesis requires the DDR in M. oryzae. (A) Micrographs showing appressorium formation by Guy11, Δchk1, Δcds1, and Δchk1Δcds1 mutants following exposure to 200 mM HU, added at 1 hpi and observed at 24 h. (Scale bar, 10 µm.) (B) Bar chart to show frequency of germling (blue) and appressoria (red) formation by Guy11, Δchk1, Δcds1, and Δchk1Δcds1 mutants. ****P < 0.0001 (unpaired Student’s t test; n = 3 experiments; spores observed = 136–601).
