Figure 7.

Rapamycin restores mitochondrial and lysosomal function in H₂O₂-treated cells. NIH3T3 cells were treated with H₂O₂ and incubated with DMSO, rapamycin or bafilomycin A₁ for 3 or 5 d. (A) Images of JC-1 fluorescence from H₂O₂-treated cells with DMSO, rapamycin or bafilomycin A₁ at d 3. Scale bars: 20 μm. (B) DCFH-DA probed intracellular ROS at d 3. Scale bars: 20 μm. (C) Intracellular ATP levels were measured at d 3. (D) CTSB in cells was examined by western blots. (E) Intracellular CTSB activity at d 3 was measured using the Magic Red Cathepsin B kit. Scale bars: 20 μm. The data are presented as means ± SD from 3 independent experiments. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 when compared to DMSO.