Figure 9.

Effect of TGF-β1 inhibitor on proliferation of chondrocytes cultured with different conditions for 5 days determined by MTT assay (a), western blot ((b), (c)), and real-time PCR (d). MMT assay indicated that chondrocytes grew much faster in ADSCs coculture system than control medium; however, when TGF-β1 inhibitor was added to chondrocytes cocultured with ADSCs system, their proliferation was inhibited. Western blot and real-time PCR demonstrated that both gene expression and protein expression of Cyclin D1 were increased in chondrocytes which were cultured with ADSCs coculture system, but Cyclin D1 was not as high in chondrocytes when they were cultured with TGF-β1 inhibitor-containing ADSCs cocultured system ((b), (c), and (d)). Chondrocytes: chondrocytes were cultured in normal medium. Coculture: chondrocytes were cocultured with ADSCs. Cocultured + in: ADSCs cocultured system with TGF-β1 inhibitor added. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. ^∗∗ p < 0.01 versus control group.