Inhibition of P. falciparum growth by peptides P2 and P4 of PvTRAg38. Parasite culture at late schizont stage was incubated with peptide P2, peptide P4, peptides P2 + P4, PvTRAg38, PvTRAg38.7, and other controls. After 40 h, parasitemia was determined by ethidium bromide staining and measured by flow cytometry. A, bar diagram shows the percentage of parasite growth in the absence or presence of PvTRAg38 and its derived peptides at different concentrations (0–50 μm). Data shown are the mean ± S.D. for two triplicate experiments. B, representative dot plots showing percent infection. Panel a, infected erythrocytes treated with PBS. Panel b, infected erythrocytes treated with peptide P4 (20 μm). Panel c, infected erythrocytes treated with peptide P2 (20 μm). Panel d, infected erythrocytes treated with 20 μm peptide P2 and peptide P4. Panel e, infected erythrocytes treated with PvTRAg38 (20 μm), and panel f, infected erythrocytes treated with PvTRAg38.7 (20 μm).