Table 1.

Arabidopsis lines used in this study. All lines contain mutations that primarily affect the composition of chloroplast membranes involved in photosynthesis.

Line	Biochemical defect	Primary affect on membrane composition	Reference
fad5	16:0 to 16:1 desaturation on sn-2 of all chloroplast galactolipids	Elevated 16:0; no 16:3 in chloroplast membranes	[32]
fad6	16:1 to 16:2 and 18:1 to 18:2 desaturation on sn-1 and sn-2 of all chloroplast lipids	Elevated 16:1 and 18:1; no 16:3, diminished 18:2, 18:3	[33]
fad7 fad8	16:2 to 16:3 and 18:2 to 18:3 desaturation on sn-1 and sn-2 of all chloroplast lipids	Elevated 16:2 and 18:2; diminished 16:3 and 18:3	[35]
act1	Plastid glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) activity; first step in the prokaryotic pathway	Slightly elevated 18:1; diminished levels of 16-C fatty acids (prokaryotic pathway)	[34]
act1 fad6	Double mutant containing both the act1 and fad6 mutations	Slightly elevated levels of 18:1 (than act1 alone); no elevation of 16:1 (as in fad6); prokaryotic pathway blocked	This work
act1++	Plastid GPAT overexpressor	Similar to wild type. Slightly elevated levels of 16:3, reflecting slightly enhanced flux through prokaryotic pathway	This work